Asplenium (Bird’s-Nest Ferns)

Asplenium includes ferns found on rocks, forest ground and tropical tree branches. Bird’s-nest types gather their fronds into a central rosette, while other species produce narrower or divided leaves.

The new fronds begin tightly coiled and unfold as they develop. Brown lines that appear beneath mature fertile leaves may be sori, the structures from which ferns release spores; their regular pattern is a normal feature.

Asplenium ferns

Asplenium nidus develops broad fronds around a central growing crown. ‘Crispy Wave’ has deeply rippled edges, while Asplenium antiquum ‘Osaka’ carries shorter, wavy leaves. The ‘Parvati’ (‘Austral Gem’) hybrid has glossy, divided fronds that arch outwards.

New leaves unfurl from the centre of a bird’s-nest fern, so the crown needs clear space. Indoors, Asplenium generally prefers indirect daylight, warmth and a freely draining mix kept lightly moist. Water the growing medium around the crown and let excess drain away.

The fronds can become wider and longer as the plant matures. These ferns are generally considered non-toxic to cats and dogs, although chewing leaves can still upset a pet’s stomach.